Address records
A and AAAA records give the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses the name points to. If they are missing, the site cannot be reached by name.
Mail and name servers
MX records name the servers that receive mail for the domain. NS records show which servers answer for the domain at all.
Other records
TXT records carry verification codes and mail policies, CNAME records point one name to another. Compare what you see with what you expect to have configured.